C Programming Course And Certification

What is C Programming?

The C Programming Language is a multi-purpose, procedural software programming language that offers support for both structured programming, lexical variable scope, and recursion, while a static-type software system prevents developers from carrying out operations that are unintended. By design, the C Programming Language provides software developers with a language constructs that efficiently map to typical machine-level instructions and has found lasting use in applications that are previously coded in assembly language. Such applications include systems operating systems and various software applications for computers, from supercomputers to embedded systems.

The C Programming Language was originally developed at the Bell Laboratory by Dennis Ritchie in between 1972 and 1973 to make various utilities to run on Unix systems. Later, it was used for re-implementing the kernel of the Unix operating system. During the 1980s, the C programming language gradually gained popularity. It has become one of the most popular and widely used software programming languages, with lots of C compilers from various vendors available for the vast majority of existing computer and system architectures and operating systems. The C Programming Language has been standardized by the ANSI since 1989 by the International Organization for Standardization.

The C Programming Language is an imperative software procedural language. C was designed to be compiled by using a relatively straightforward and easy to use the compiler to provide low-level access to system memory and language constructs that would efficiently map the language syntax to it appropriate machine instructions, all with minimal support at runtime. Despite the low-level capabilities of C, the language was designed and developed to offer support for cross-platform programming. A standards-compliant C program source code that is developed with portability first in mind can be compiled for a vast majority of computer platforms and software operating systems with very few changes to its source code. The language is made available on various platforms, from simple embedded microcontrollers to large and complex supercomputers.

Features of C Programming

There are many features of the C Programming Language and some of them are:

1. C is a robust software programming language with a rich set of built-in features, functions, and operators that can be used to write any complex computer program.

2. The C compiler merges the abilities of a system assembly language with the features of a high-level programming language.

3. Programs that are written in C are very fast and efficient. This is due to the variety of data types and the powerful operators that are in C.

4. C programs are much faster than programs that are written in BASIC.

5. C programs are highly portable, this means that programs, once they are written can be run on multiple separate machines with little or no modification to the source code.

6. Another important feature of the C program is its ability to extend itself, c programs are scalable, modular and can be easily reused in other programs.

7. A program that is written in C is basically a collection of functions that are supported by the C library.

8. The C language is currently the most widely used software programming language in operating systems and embedded system development.

Benefits of C Programming

There are many benefits of the C Programming Language and some of them are:

1. The C programming language is the building block for many other programming languages.

2. C is a powerful and efficient language.

3.C programs are portable.

4. C comes with lots of built-in functions.

5. C has the quality to extend itself.

6. C is a structured programming language.

7. C is a middle-level language.

8. C allows for the implementation of algorithms and data structures.

 9. C is a procedural programming language.

10. C has a dynamic memory allocation.

11. C is used for system-programming.

12. Learning C programming can get you high paying job opportunities because C programmers are very much sort after.

Relationship To Other Languages

A lot of new languages have gotten support directly or indirectly from C, alongside Limbo, Unix's C shell, C++, C#,  D, Go, Java, JavaScript (including transpilers),  LPC, Objective-C, Perl, PHP, Python, Rust, Swift, Verilog and SystemVerilog (hardware description languages) These languages have gotten many of their controlling structures and other base characteristics from C. Many of them (Python being an exception) also have highly identical syntax to C, and they combine the identical expression and statement syntax of C with underlying type systems, data models, and semantics that can be radically different.

Various Versions of C

1. K&R C

2. ANSI C and ISO C

3. C99

4. C11

5. C18

6. Embedded C

Syntax

C has a very corporate and formal grammar set by the C standard. Line endings are collectively not that meaningful in C. Although, line boundaries do have an importance during the preprocessing stage. Comments can display either between the delimiters /* and */, or (since C99) following // right until the line ending. Comments written by /* and */ do not nest, and these sequences of characters are not interpreted as comment delimiters if they appear inside string or character literals.

Character Set

The base C source character sets are the following characters:

1. Lowercase and Uppercase letters of ISO Basic Latin Alphabeth.

2. Decimal digits.

3. Special or Graphic characters

4. Whitespace characters.

Reserved Words

Here is a list of a few of the 32 reserved words that C has.

1. auto

2. break

3. case

4. char.

5. const

6. continue

7. default

8. do

10. double

11. else

12. if

13. enum

14. extern

15. float

Operators

C provides support for a large set of operators, which are symbols used within an expression to state the manipulations to be carried out while evaluating that expression. C has operators for:

1. Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %

2. Assignment: =

3. Augmented assignment: +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, &=, |=, ^=, <<=, >>=

4. Bitwise logic: ~, &, |, ^

5. Bitwise shifts: <<, >>

6. Boolean logic: !, &&, ||

7. Conditional evaluation:? :

8. Equality testing: ==, !=

9. Calling functions: ( )

10. Increment and decrement: ++, --

11. Member selection: ., ->

12. Object size: sizeof

13. Order relations: <, <=, >, >=

14. Reference and dereference: &, *, [ ]

15. Sequencing: ,

16. Subexpression grouping: ( )

17. Type conversion: (typename)