Learn all about Some Natural Phenomena

A few natural phenomena from the chapter in will cover the following subjects. The complete overview of class science, as well as certain natural phenomena, are described in this article that will help students to grasp certain natural phenomena in class 8 quickly.

 

Storms, wind, and cyclones are natural phenomena. They are a sign of destruction. Two other natural disasters are discussed in this article such as earthquakes and lightning.

 

Electrically Neutral State of Matter:

The majority of chemicals are neutral to electricity. The atom is comprised of protons, electrons, and neutrons, according to the fundamentals of the atomic structure. Electrons carry a negative charge, while a proton is charged positively and a neutron is free of charge. Learn all about some natural phenomena, from top experts for free 

 

The amount of electrons in an atom is the same as the number of protons. Equal numbers of positive and negative charges are balancing each other. Because of this, the majority of the time, it can be described as electrically neutral.

 

Charging by Rubbing:

Electrons are transferred from one object to the next by rubbing two objects. If an object is unable to hold an electron, it charges the object positively. If an object is charged with electrons, the object is negatively charged. Static electrical energy is responsible for the transfer of charge within different objects. Static electricity is the main cause of light.  types of lightning, for free

 

Examples:

 

(i) When it is brushed using a dry hair comb made of plastic is charged.

 

(ii) It is charged with an electric charge that is slight when a plastic filler is applied with polythene.

 

(iii) Scales will create tiny pieces of paper as you apply a scale made of plastic to the hair dry.

 

Different types of charges and the way they interact

Activity (A):

 

Two balloons are inflated and hung in a way so that they do not be in contact with one another. Rub the balloons, then release them with a woolen cloth.

Observation:

The balloons repel each one. Refills that are charged with additional charges repel.

 

Conclusion:

Similar charges can be a source of friction with one another.

 

Transfer of Charge and Earthing:

 

Electroscope:

 

Take an empty bottle of jam as well as a piece that is bigger than the mouth of the bottle. Create a hole in the cardboard to allow us to insert an old-fashioned paper clip made from metal. The clip of paper is opened. Then we cut aluminum foil in two dimensions, 4 cm/1 cm each. Then, we hang them according to the instructions using the clip. We place the clip perpendicularly to the lid of the cardboard.

 

Earthing:

 

The electric charge can be transferred through a conductor made of metal between a device that is filled to another. If we gently press the edge of the clip with the palm of our hand, we'll discover an electroscope's foil strip will return to its original form.

 

Lightning:

 

Lightning is a blinding flashlight that is accompanied by the sound of thunder in a thunderstorm. It also involves the transfer of electricity from clouds to clouds, or from space to the ground. In simple terms, lightning is an electric bolt that occurs within the atmosphere via rapid motion in airflow (upwards) and drops from water (downwards) on a massive scale.

 

The Story of Lightning:

 

The air currents are moving upwards as they create a storm, and the water droplets slide downwards. Due to these rapid motions, the weight of the clouds is split

 

Dangers of Lightning:

 

Lightning damage can be caused to houses as well as trees and structures.

 

Earthquakes:

 

The earth's rapid trembling, or tremor, that lasts for only a few seconds it is considered to be an earthquake.

 

It's caused by an earthquake deep within the earth's crust.

 

Causes of Earthquake:

 

The tremors result from the movement that occurs deep inside the earth's topmost layer known as the crust.

 

Seismograph:

 

A seismograph is an instrument used to record seismic waves caused by tremors. It is comprised consisting of one oscillator (a vibrating rod or the pendulum) as well as a typewriter, and a roll of paper. The oscillator is connected to the device for writing.

 

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Richter Scale:

 

The strength of earthquakes is measured on"the Richter scale, expressed in regards to magnitude.

 

Charles Richter and Beno Gutenberg of the California Institute of Technology developed the Richter Scale in 1935.

 

This indicates how powerful an earthquake can be. The intensity of earthquakes is measured by the scale of a logarithmic from zero to 10.

 

Damages Due to Earthquake:

 

Earthquakes can cause massive destruction to bridges, structures dams, people and buildings.

 

Protection Against Earthquake:

 

The precautionary measures are listed below to reduce or prevent the incidence of damage caused by earthquakes:

 

The building should be designed to withstand earthquakes of massive size. Ask structural engineers and architects who are competent to design earthquake-proof structures.

 

During the Earthquake, Take the Following Steps to Protect Yourself:

 

1. At Home:

 

It is best to stay under tables during an earthquake. If you're hospitalized apply an ointment over your head and stay out of the bed.

 

Avoid massive and heavy objects that could fall on you as a result of tremors.

 

2. At Outdoors:

 

The term "natural phenomenon" can be described as an organic process that takes place without human intervention.

 

Static Charges

Methods of Charging

 

A body may be charged when it rubs two surfaces because of friction. The electrical charges created by the rubbing of the two sides are referred to as static charges.

 

Charging by Rubbing

 

Every person has encountered this throughout our everyday lives. When objects such as plastic are rubbed by the hair, they acquire an electric charge. In the same way the glass rod is charged when it is rubbed with silk. The items being rubbed become charged as they lose or gain electrons. They can be attracted or repel tiny pieces of paper, based on the kind of charge they carry at the moment. In essence, like charges repel each other and like charges attract one another.

 

Electric Discharge

 

Electric Discharge is the act of charge flow from one cloud to the next or from one cloud to the other due to the division of negative and positive charges. When thunderstorms occur the air circulations (that are warmer in nature) move upwards while droplets of water (cool to the touch in natural environments) are moved downwards. This results in a division of the charges between clouds as well as between Earth and clouds too.

 

A lightning conductor is a rod of metallic which is higher than the structure and placed inside the walls when it is being constructed. They serve as an open channel for electrical discharge during lightning events and shield the structure from any catastrophe.